Abdominalultrasonographyofthepediatricgastrointestinaltract

摘要： Ultrasoundisaninvaluableimagingmodalityintheevaluationofpediatricgastrointestinalpathology;itcanprovidereal-timeevaluationofthebowelwithouttheneedforsedationorintravenouscontrast.Recentimprovementsinultrasoundtechniquecanbeutilizedtoimprovedetectionofbowelpathologyinchildren:Higherresolutionprobes,colorDoppler,harmonicandpanoramicimagingareexcellenttoolsinthissetting.Gradedcompressionandcineclipsprovidedynamicinformationandoralandintravenouscontrastagentsaidindetectionofbowelwallpathology.Ultrasoundofthebowelinchildrenistypicallyatargetedexam;commonindicationsincludeevaluationforappendicitis,pyloricstenosisandintussusception.Bowelabnormalitiesthataredetectedprenatallycanbeevaluatedafterbirthwithultrasound.Likewise,acquiredconditionssuchasbowelhematoma,bowelinfectionsandherniascanbedetectedwithultrasound.Rarebowelneoplasms,vasculardisordersandforeignbodiesmayfirstbedetectedwithsonography,aswell.Atsomecenters,comprehensiveexamsofthegastrointestinaltractareperformedonchildrenwithinflammatoryboweldiseaseandceliacdiseasetoevaluatefordiseaseactivityortoconfirmthediagnosis.Thegoalofthisarticleistoreviewup-to-dateimagingtechniques,normalsonographicanatomy,andcharacteristicsonographicfeaturesofcommonanduncommondisordersaffectingthegastrointestinaltractinchildren. （共12頁）